Can Papanicolaou smear or Pap test is the abbreviated screening for changes in cervical cells (cervical), which cause cervical cancer, to detect. If there are significant changes, early treatment can prevent cervical cancer.
Regular Pap test has saved the lives of millions of women around the world. All women aged 18 to 65 who are sexually active need to smear (or VAT) every two years to conduct, including those who have been vaccinated against cervical cancer. Most women who develop cervical cancer are those who have never or not regularly subjected to a smear.
This test method was invented by Georgios Papanikolaou greek doctor. The main objective is to recognize the potentially cancerous cell changes are mainly caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). Furthermore, the smear layer also recognize infections and abnormalities in the endocervix and endometrium.
Cancer of the cervix
Cervical cancer is almost always associated with HPV, which is characterized by genital contact during sexual activity associated spread. Infection with HPV is a normal part of an active sex life. Four of the five women have HPV at some point in their lives.
Although HPV is very common that most HPV infections do not develop into cervical cancer.In most cases, HPV naturally eliminated from the body. There may be 1-2 years and require no treatment. Sometimes it is the virus in cells of the cervix and cause cell damage. If this change does not address the risk of developing cancer of the cervix.
Pap procedure
Smear is a simple and rapid procedure by a nurse or a doctor (gynecologist) performed.During the examination, an instrument called a speculum is gently inserted into the vagina. It may worsen the cervix open. A small spatula and brush are then introduced to take samples of cervical cells. These cells are then applied to the manufacture of glass and sent to a laboratory for analysis. The results are usually within a week available.
The swabs can be uncomfortable for you, but not painful. If you feel sick, tell your doctor or nurse to check.
The test results
The results of the abnormal Pap test does not mean you have cervical cancer. The cervix is the end of the vagina are sensitive to pathological changes.
Changes in the cells of the cervix may occur because:
Vaginal infections or sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and cervical cancer
The drug DES (diethylstilbestrol) during pregnancy
The hormonal changes that occur in women after menopause.
If the results of your Pap is abnormal, the doctor for a Pap test every three or six months, subject to demand. Pap test program depends on the nature of the problem they have.During this time the cells of the cervix will heal itself, or even been more.
If abnormalitasnya very alarming, the doctor called colposcopy, HPV testing or further investigation. In colposcopy, will be on the bed of a compromise, such as acetic acid and are placed on the cervix. The doctor colposcope (Large Electron) about 30 cm of the vagina.Intense light from the colposcope point let the doctor of the cervix to the level and nature of changes in cell arrival. Tissue sample (biopsy) from the cervix for abnormal areas further evaluated in the laboratory to be taken.
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